Holy Quran:
The Holy Quran is the last book of Allah Almighty which was revealed to the last Prophet Muhammad ﷺ slowly over about 23 years, given the circumstances. It is a very pure and holy book that contains a message of guidance for all mankind. Apart from the Holy Qur'an, there are also heavenly books that were revealed to the Prophets in earlier times. For example, the Tawrat, the Zabur, the Injil, and other scriptures were revealed to other prophets. Apart from the Holy Qur'an, other heavenly books and scriptures do not exist in their original state, but they have been changed, however, all the heavenly books share basic teachings such as Monotheism (توحید), Prophethood ( رسالت), Judgement day ( آخرت), Rejection of polytheism ( ردِّ شرک), Morals and acts of Worship ( اخلاق و عبادات). But all of them were for a specific period since they were not for the whole of humanity, therefore most of their commandments were also for a specific time which was not acceptable for other times, but the Qur'an, is such a comprehensive book that guides every aspect of life and this guidance is not for a particular time and nation, but for all humanity until the Day of Resurrection. After that, there is no need or scope for the revelation of any other book.
Tilawat of Quran with Urdu Translation mp3
Meaning of Quran:
Literal meaning: The word Qur'an is derived from قرء and means to read.
The Qur'an is the word of Allah, which was revealed to the pure heart of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ through Hazrat Jibra'il علیہ السلام, which was later written in the scriptures, the recitation of which is a form of worship and which is being copied frequently.
Different Names of the Holy Quran:
Quran is a personal name, all others are attribute names.
There are many sayings of scholars about the names of the Quran, among them the book of Al-Burhan ( البرہان)
It is stated that there are 55 names of the Holy Quran which are derived from the Qur'anic verses themselves, some of them are mentioned in the following list.
1️⃣ Al-Kitab ( الکتاب): Among all the books in the world, only the Qur'an deserves to be called Al-Kitab.
2️⃣ Al-Furqan ( الفرقان): Distinguishing between truth and falsehood.
3️⃣ Noor (نور): Showing light and guidance.
4️⃣ Shifa ( شفاء): Spiritual healing and message health.
5️⃣ Al-ILam ( العلم): This book is full of knowledge.
6️⃣ Al-Bayan ( البیان): Every teaching in this book is presented with clarity.
Some attributes of the Holy Quran:
In the same way, Allah Ta'ala has also described some attributes of the Holy Quran.
1️⃣ Hakim ( حكيم): Wise
2️⃣ Majeed ( مجید): Greatest
3️⃣ Mubarak ( مبارک): Blessed
4️⃣ Al-Aziz ( العزيز): Very honorable
5️⃣ Kareem ( کریم): One of dignity and nobility
No one can estimate the features of this book. There is no limit to its subjects and demands, anyone who has a true yearning for guidance in his heart can benefit from it according to his understanding.
First Revelation:
When Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ was 40 years old, the Holy Quran was disclosed to him ﷺ. In this part of his life, he lived mostly in isolation. Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ used to visit the cave of Hira, about three miles away from Makkah, for worship. Once, when the Prophet ﷺ was engaged in worship, suddenly Hazrat Jibra'il علیہ السلام arrived at the cave addressed the Prophet ﷺ, and asked him to read. The Prophet ﷺ said, "I am not a reader" The same question and answer were restated 2 times. For the third time, Hazrat Jibra'il left you with a strong hold on his chest, after that read these opening verses of Surah Al-Alaq.
The Last Revelation:
After the first revelation, the second revelation, and then the revelation continued in different places at different times and in different forms, until the complete Quran was disclosed in a total span of about 23 years.
On the auspicious occurrence of Hajjat al-Wada حجتہ الواع (Last Hajj) on 9 Dhu al-Hijjah ( يوم العرفہ Yum al-Arafa) 10 Hijri, the final revelation was revealed during Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ speech declaring the completion of the religion of Islam.
Information about the Holy Quran:
The Holy Quran has 114 surahs. All the surahs of the Holy Quran except Surah Tauba start with
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
The largest Surah of the Holy Quran is Surah Al-Baqarah and the shortest is Surah Al-Kausar. The Holy Quran has 30 parts and every part is called Para. The Quran has Seven stages called Manzils. Manzil has been set so that it is easy for those who want to finish one Quran in a week, they can read one manzil daily.
Makki and Madani Surahs:
The Holy Quran was disclosed to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ little by little over 23 years. After receiving Prophethood, Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ remained in Makkah for 13 years, then migrated from there and moved to Madina, where he stayed for 10 years. This is the reason why the Holy Qur'an was revealed in both Makkah and Medinah. In this sense, the Surahs of the Holy Quran are separated into Makki and Madani Surahs.
Definition of Makki Surah: Makki Surah is that which was disclosed before Hijrah, whether it was revealed in Makkah or some other place. The numeral of Makki Surahs is 86.
Definition of Madani Surah: Madani Surah is that which was disclosed after Hijrah, whether it was revealed in Madinah or some other place. The digit of Madani Surahs is 28.
Features of Makki Surahs:
The Holy Prophet ﷺ spent thirteen years in Makkah, during which time he had to face immense hardships, as his acquaintances, whom he hoped would listen to his call and believe in him, became strangers. They did not want to listen to Tuheed invitation. Because they were afflicted by polytheism. After much deliberation, they decided that they would not accept the righteous invitation and oppose the Prophet ﷺ as much as they could. Therefore, in this opposition, those people put thorns in the path of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. When Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ was reciting the Quran, they would shout in between so that people would not hear the Quran. Those servants of Allah who used to believe in Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ, they used to beat them. This period of thirteen years was a period of extreme difficulties and suffering. In the part of the Qur'an that was revealed during this period, the Prophet ﷺ was advised to be patient. Along with this, the subjects of Tuheed, Prophethood, and Akhirat (Day of Judgement) have also been described.
Following are the characteristics of Makki Surahs.
1️⃣ Makki Surahs are usually short.
2️⃣ The language of the Makki surahs is relatively difficult, the eloquence in these surahs is relatively high.
3️⃣ The style of Makki surahs is very attractive, harmonious, and powerful.
4️⃣ In the Makki surahs, we usually find the stories of past nations and their prophets.
5️⃣ Generally, the verses of Sajdah are in Makki surahs.
6️⃣ In the Makki surahs, it is usually addressed with the words یا يها الناس (O people!).
7️⃣ Reformation of beliefs (Tuheed, Prophethood, Judgement day) has been emphasized in Makkah Surahs.
8️⃣ The story of Hazrat Adam عليہ السلام and Hazrat Hawa علیہ السلام has been narrated in the Makki Surahs, except Surah Al-Baqarah.
Features of Madani Surahs:
After spending 13 years in Makkah, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was ordered to migrate to Madinah.
After the migration, when Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ came to Madinah, the situation was different. Before the arrival of the Holy Prophet ﷺ, his Dawat-e-Haq had reached here and some people of Madinah had converted to Islam. After the Hijrah, when a small group of Muslims migrated from Makkah under the guidance of the Prophet ﷺ
When he reached Madinah, he established an Islamic state with the help of the emigrants and the Ansaar. During this period, the surahs and verses that were disclosed were social, economic, and political.
Along with the problems, the virtue of spending wealth in the way of Allah, the order of justice and kindness, the order of transactions in trade, and the obligation of Jihad were revealed. Fasting, Zakat, and Hajj were also obligatory in worship.
The Prophet ﷺ spent ten years in Madinah. During this time, the verses and surahs of the Holy Quran continued to be revealed on different occasions. In the same period, Muslims also fought with the infidels. The first battle was fought with the infidels, it is called the Battle of Badr ( غزوۂ بدر). Finally, the Tabuk battle (غزوۂ تبوک) took place.
The characteristics of Madani Surahs are as follows.
1️⃣ Madani surahs are usually long.
2️⃣ The language of Madani Surahs is generally simple.
3️⃣ The style of Madani Surahs is simple.
4️⃣ In the Madani Surahs, usually with the words of یا يها الذين امنوا (O you who believe!) Addressed.
5️⃣ Most of the Madani surahs contain verses related to acts of worship, commandments, and matters.
6️⃣ The surahs in which Jihad is ordered are Madani.
7️⃣ The surahs in which the hypocrites are mentioned are also Madani.
Qualities of the Holy Quran:
There are such qualities in the Holy Quran due to which this book has become alive and immortal. It is impossible to enumerate all these qualities. Here are some of the qualities:
1️⃣ The True Book: The Holy Quran is a true book, its invitation and message are also full of truth, and its arguments are very strong and firm.
2️⃣ Free from contradictions: Since the arguments are very strong and lead to the truth, the Qur'an is free from contradictions. There is not even a bit of difference in its subjects.
3️⃣ Success Guarantee Book: This book has guaranteed success to those individuals and nations who sincerely believe in it and follow its commandments, but for them, this book promises to honor and distinction in both worlds.
4️⃣ Peace and Mercy: When the believer's heart trembles during the recitation of the Qur'an, there is also a state of peace in his heart. As if the softening of the body and heart means the attainment of peace, which is due to the revelation of divine mercy, so at that time, to become a candidate for divine mercy, it was ordered to listen to the Holy Quran with attention and silence.
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